<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>jmedicalcasereports</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Frontiers in Medical Case Reports</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>I</PISSN>
      <EISSN>S</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 6; Issue 2</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>(Mar-Apr, 2025)</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Medical Case Reports</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Deltoid Neurotization with End-To-Side Neurorrhaphy: A Case Series</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>1</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>7</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Fausto</FirstName>
          <LastName>Viterbo</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Emiliano Sá Fortes de</FirstName>
          <LastName>Araújo</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Ryane Schmidt</FirstName>
          <LastName>Brock</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>José Antônio</FirstName>
          <LastName>Garbino</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>It is widely reported in the literature that Axillary Nerve injuries outcomes may be disappointing. Muscular neurotization, which is the direct implantation of the nerve in the denervated skeletal muscle, is one of the techniques used. We report two cases of axillary nerve injury treated with deltoid muscle neurotization through sural nerve grafting. Our procedures have been performed using end-to-side neurorrhaphies on radial nerve. Both patients showed functional results, uneventful postoperative period and clinically and neurophysiologically deltoid functional gain. Deltoid neurotization showed effective in the management of axillary nerve injuries, either as the main treatment or as an auxiliary procedure to functional recovery.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Axillary,Nerve Lesion,End-To-Side,Neurorrhaphy,Deltoid Neurotization,Neurophysiological Outcome</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://www.jmedicalcasereports.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=15678&amp;title=Deltoid Neurotization with End-To-Side Neurorrhaphy: A Case Series</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References>Chon SH, Suk Choi MS. Brachial plexus injury with emphasis on axillary nerve paralysis after thoracoscopic sympathicotomy for axillary hyperhidrosis. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2006; 16: 432-434.&#13;
&#13;
Dubuisson AS, Kline DG. Brachial Plexus Injury: A Survey of 100 Consecutive Cases from a Single Service. Neurosurgery 2002; 51: 673-683.&#13;
&#13;
Dy CJ, Kitay A, Garg R, Kang L, Feinberg JH, Wolfe SW. Neurotization to innervate the deltoid and biceps: 3 cases. J Hand Surg Am 2013; 38: 237-240.&#13;
&#13;
Goodisson D, Snape L. The jaw-winking syndrome. N Z Dent J 2000; 96: 58-59.&#13;
&#13;
Hussain T, Khan I, Ahmed M, Beg MSA. Neurotization of musculocutaneous nerve with intercostal nerve versus phrenic nerve - A retrospective comparative study. Surg Neurol Int 2022; 13: 305.&#13;
&#13;
Kandenwein JA, Kretschmer T, Engelhardt M, Richter HP, Antoniadis G. Surgical interventions for traumatic lesions of the brachial plexus: a retrospective study of 134 cases. J Neurosurg 2005; 103: 614-621.&#13;
&#13;
Malessy MJ, de Ruiter GC, de Boer KS, Thomeer RT. Evaluation of suprascapular nerve neurotization after nerve graft or transfer in the treatment of brachial plexus traction lesions. J Neurosurg 2004; 101: 377-389.&#13;
&#13;
Perlmutter GS. Axillary nerve injury. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1999; 368: 28-36.&#13;
&#13;
Ranalli NJ, Kline DG, McGarvey ML, Boulis NM, Zager EL. Clinical problem-solving: brachial plexus closed injury and reconstruction. Neurosurgery 2008; 62: 1330-1339.&#13;
&#13;
Stipp-Brambilla EJ, Viterbo F, Labband;eacute; D, Garbino JA, Bernardelli MM. Double muscle innervation using end-to-side neurorrhaphy in rats. Sao Paulo Med J 2012; 130: 373-379.&#13;
&#13;
Sun G, Wu Z, Wang X, Tan X, Gu Y. Nerve transfer helps repair brachial plexus injury by increasing cerebral cortical plasticity. Regen Res 2014; 9: 2111-2114.&#13;
&#13;
Terzis JK, Papakonstantinou KC. The surgical treatment of brachial plexus injuries in adults. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 106: 1097-1122.&#13;
&#13;
Terzis JK, Tzafetta K. The "babysitter" procedure: minihypoglossal to facial nerve transfer and cross-facial nerve grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009; 123: 865-876.&#13;
&#13;
Terzis JK, Vekris MD, Soucacos PN. Outcomes of Brachial Plexus Reconstruction in 204 Patients with Devastating Paralysis. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999; 104: 1221-1240.&#13;
&#13;
Viterbo F, Trindade JC, Hoshino K, Mazzoni A. Latero-terminal neurorrahaphy without removal of the epineural sheath. Experimental study in rats. Rev Paul Med 1992; 110: 267-275.&#13;
&#13;
Viterbo F, Trindade JC, Hoshino K, Mazzoni Neto A. End-to-side neurorrhaphy with removal of the epineurial sheath: an experimental study in rats. Plast Reconstr Surg 1994; 94: 1038-1047.</References>
      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>