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    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>jmedicalcasereports</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Frontiers in Medical Case Reports</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>I</PISSN>
      <EISSN>S</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>Volume 7; Issue 3</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>(May-Jun, 2026)</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>-0001</Year>
        <Month>11</Month>
        <Day>30</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Medical Case Reports</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Situational Syncope Across Diverse Triggers: A Diagnostic and Management challenge: Case Series</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>1</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>12</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Lydia</FirstName>
          <LastName>Krexi</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Sayed Irfan</FirstName>
          <LastName>Kazi</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Baher</FirstName>
          <LastName>Hanna</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Celina</FirstName>
          <LastName>Mark</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Tarek</FirstName>
          <LastName>Fatrous</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Sara</FirstName>
          <LastName>Ibzea</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Laszlo</FirstName>
          <LastName>Rudas</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Attila</FirstName>
          <LastName>Kardos</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Situational syncope is a subtype of neurally mediated reflex syncope triggered by specific activities such as micturition, defaecation, coughing, swallowing, or laughter, but remains under-recognised in clinical practice. We present a case series of six adults with syncope or presyncope associated with diverse triggers, including laughter, micturition, motion sickness, defaecation, swallowing, and coughing, highlighting the heterogeneity of presentation.&#13;
&#13;
All patients underwent targeted evaluation with electrocardiography and echocardiography, with selective use of tilt-table testing. No structural heart disease or sustained arrhythmia was identified, supporting a reflex mechanism in all cases. Management was conservative, focusing on trigger avoidance, lifestyle modification, and patient education, with no recurrence observed during follow-up.&#13;
&#13;
This series emphasises the central role of detailed history-taking in establishing the diagnosis of situational syncope and avoiding unnecessary investigations. Recognition of both common and less well-described triggers, alongside an understanding of the underlying autonomic mechanisms, enables accurate diagnosis and effective patient-centred management. Increased awareness of situational syncope may improve clinical confidence, reduce diagnostic uncertainty, and optimise outcomes in patients presenting with transient loss of consciousness.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Syncope,Trigger,Situational Syncope,Lifestyle Advice</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://www.jmedicalcasereports.org/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=16267&amp;title=Situational Syncope Across Diverse Triggers: A Diagnostic and Management challenge: Case Series</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
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      </References>
    </Journal>
  </Article>
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